Some information about chat rooms
Chat (English chat - talk) - a means of communication between users on a network in real time, as well as software that allows you to organize such a dialogue. Usually, the word "chat" means the exchange of textual cues, sometimes use the term voice chat, video chat (most often - via videoconference), etc. (These technologies are evolving (as of 2005-th year) and the terminology has not yet developed.)
Chat (English chat - chat) - a means of message exchange over a computer network in real time, as well as software that allows you to organize such a dialogue. A characteristic feature is the communication is in real time or close to it that distinguishes chat on forums and other "slow" means.
The word is commonly understood chat group communication, although they can be attributed, and exchange text, "one on one" through instant messaging programs, for example, XMPP, ICQ or SMS.
History
With the development of information technology have become perhaps even more global communication.
Historic "pre-computer" chat predecessor, undoubtedly, was the phone. No mail nor telegraph was not allowed to communicate in real time and were not available at home. The invention and spread of the phone on the planet has caused a revolution in the ways and means of communication. Opportunity to talk with someone on the other side of the earth seemed a miracle.
In the second half of XX century began to flourish computers. But for a long time they were big and too expensive, that prevented the machine to spend precious time on the fun with the messaging instead of calculations of atomic bombs. In addition, before the end of the 60s they were not connected with each other. The ancestor of the Internet network ARPANET, in 1969, consisted of only four interrelated scientific computer. Later, in 1971, was invented by e-mail, which has become extremely popular because of its convenience. Gradually, new messaging service, such as mailing lists, newsgroups and message boards. However, while the ARPANET still could not easily communicate with other networks, built on the other technical standards, making it difficult to spread. Nevertheless, this problem was soon resolved after switching networks for data exchange protocol TCP / IP, which has been successfully applied so far. It was in 1983, the term "Internet" was fixed for the network ARPANET.
Program for text strings, despite the simplicity of the idea, did not appear immediately. Around 1974 mainframe PLATO was a program Talkomatic, potentially allowing thousands of terminals to communicate between systems. In 1980 there was a system-x Freelancing 'Round table. However, the really popular was developed in 1988 by a protocol called Internet Relay Chat (IRC), which roughly translates as relayed online conversation. Somewhere in that time came and spread the concept of "chat". Communication on IRC quickly became popular because of the simplicity of the process and friendly environment. In 1991, during Operation "Desert Storm" was organized by the IRC-broadcasting of news - messages from around the world gathered in one place and in real time transferred to the IRC. There is evidence that in this way and used the IRC during the coup in the Soviet Union, where users from Moscow immediately informed the world about what is happening on the streets.
For customers IRC, written many bots, for example, Eggdrop, automate many routine operations. The most famous of IRC clients has mIRC; thanks to a simple and effective system of commands for it was written many scripts that can also perform a wide range of activities. Bots and mIRC-bots are used for various games in the canals - "Mafia", "Quiz", and others.
Developers are so well thought out IRC's architecture, which it has since been virtually no change required. Of course, it has drawbacks: short messages, the problem with encoding, the inability to see the history of messages on the connection. However, it has been and remains a popular means to chat, though largely pushed back from their positions. In particular, in 1998, was invented by a similar purpose protocol Jabber - even his name (English jabber chatter, chatter, gibberish) refers to the word chat. Jabber to contain the many technical innovations and gradually became widespread, and also became the basis for many services. There were other reports, less well known, for example, SIP.
Types of chats This article or section needs to be reworked.
Please improve the article in accordance with the rules of writing articles.
There are several varieties of chat software implementation:
HTTP or web chats. This looks like a normal chat web page where you can read the last few dozen phrases, written by the participants and chat moderators. Page chat is updated automatically at specified intervals.
Chat rooms, use technology to Adobe Flash. Instead of periodically refreshing the page, between the client and the server opens a socket that allows you to instantly send or receive messages, consuming less bandwidth.
IRC, a specialized protocol for the chats.
Program-chat to communicate in local networks (for example, Vypress Chat, Intranet Chat, Pichat). Often it is possible to transfer files.
Chats that are implemented on top of third-party protocols (such as chat using ICQ).
Chat rooms, working on a client-server scheme, this allows their use in networks with a complex configuration, as well as manage client applications (for example, Mychat, Jabber)
By the number of persons involved in the communication, chat rooms are divided into:
all2all - group (for example, IRC, Jabber, Yahoo! Chat, AVACS Live Chat, Mychat);
p2p - personal (eg, ICQ, Jabber, Skype, Yahoo! Messenger, AOL Instant Messenger, Hamachi) - personal communication
Speaking of networking, one can not say on the web chats are widespread in the 90s of XX century and remain popular enough so far. Quite often, a proper chat this mean the web chat, which, of course, not entirely true. Web chats based on technologies of the World Wide Web, HTTP and HTML. Initially, they were the talk page and contains the form through which the input text is sent to the server. Server add new messages into the text field, delete the old file and updated. It is important to note that this chat was carried out with a noticeable delay in tens of seconds, due to the fact that Web-based server was not allowed to tell the client about the changes - the client can only request the data itself with some regularity. Because of this, a web-chat a reputation for "brake", but later the situation was remedied with the use of AJAX and Flash. Other messaging system had no such disadvantage, as developed without such technical constraints.
Also, web chats are notorious as a target for attacks on users with "holes" in the HTML. Although, to this day all the major server has a reasonable degree of protection against attacks, which helped them a lot of burglaries in the past.
Over time, in addition to conventional text chats were invented video and voice chat. Video chat - this is text messaging, plus broadcast images from webcams. At first it was not video, but rather a photo-chat: because of the low bandwidth video stream does not set off, and the picture with some intervals, but that allowed for the change quickly enough to observe emotions in companion and was a major breakthrough. Later, of course, was broadcast live video stream, albeit with lower resolution. Webcams are simple and cheap, although the reverse side of this - a low resolution video, and its poor quality. The screen image with a bad color, noisy. However, for purposes of communication of this quality is more than enough.
Voice chat also came the development of ideas messaging. Currently, computer games are widely used system of TeamSpeak, which allows voice communication between team members, without detracting from the game control. A communication on Skype more like a conversation on the phone than IM, although the possibility of sending ordinary text messages it is also present.
Main article: Instant Messaging Program
Instant messaging programs (English Instant messenger, IM) are used to exchange messages over the Internet in real time through instant messaging services (Instant Messaging Service, IMS). Can be transmitted a text message tones, images, videos, and produced such acts as co-painting, games and more.
Used on the TV channels such as MTV, RU.TV, Bridge-TV. The message is sent by sending SMS from your mobile. Most often this announcement about dating or holiday greetings. Also on some channels is communion with DJ or host. However, the majority of posts are paid. In 2009, the New Year from December 31 to January 10, telechat was included in the DTV channel.
